English Summary/英文概要： Agricultural production environments have been changing constantly as a result of factors such as shifts in government macroeconomic policies and climate change. There is a need to constantly test new possibilities and strategies to match changing environments. It may be difficult for scientists, with a formal approach to technology development, to keep up with constantly changing production environments and to provide agricultural technologies that would sustain farmers’ income levels. In this context the farmers’ indigenous knowledge, particularly in developing economies, is critical for tackling issues arising out of changing agricultural production environments. This volume emphasizes that demands for new agricultural sustainable technologies may not be realized merely by the application scientific knowledge, but would require a combination of scientific inputs and the indigenous knowledge of the farming community.